Pregled nacrta

This document specifies an engineering method for calculating the attenuation of sound during propagation outdoors in order to predict the levels of environmental noise at a distance from a variety of sources. The method predicts the equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (as described in ISO 1996-series) under meteorological conditions favourable to propagation from sources of known sound emission.
These conditions are for downwind propagation or, equivalently, propagation under a well-developed moderate ground‑based temperature inversion, such as commonly occurs in clear, calm nights. Inversion conditions over extended water surfaces are not covered and may result in higher sound pressure levels than predicted from this document (see e.g. References [11] and [12]).
The method also predicts a long-term average A‑weighted sound pressure level as specified in ISO 1996-1 and ISO 1996-2. The long-term average A‑weighted sound pressure level encompasses levels for a wide variety of meteorological conditions.
Guidance has been provided to derive a meteorological correction based on the angular wind distribution relevant for the reference or long-term time interval as specified in ISO 1996-1:2016, 3.2.1 and 3.2.2. Examples for reference time intervals are day, night, or the hour of the night with the largest value of the sound pressure level. Long-term time intervals over which the sound of a series of reference time intervals is averaged or assessed representing a significant fraction of a year (e.g. 3 months, 6 months or 1 year).
The method specified in this document consists specifically of octave band algorithms (with nominal mid-band frequencies from 63 Hz to 8 kHz) for calculating the attenuation of sound which originates from a point sound source, or an assembly of point sources. The source (or sources) may be moving or stationary. Specific terms are provided in the algorithms for the following physical effects:
—     geometrical divergence;
—     atmospheric absorption;
—     ground effect;
—     reflection from surfaces;
—     screening by obstacles.
Additional information concerning propagation through foliage, industrial sites and housing is given in Annex A. The directivity of chimney-stacks to support the sound predictions for industrial sites has been included with Annex B. An example how the far-distance meteorological correction C0 can be determined from the local wind-climatology is given in Annex C. Experiences of the last decades how to predict the sound pressure levels caused by wind turbines is summarized in Annex D.
The method is applicable in practice to a great variety of noise sources and environments. It is applicable, directly, or indirectly, to most situations concerning road or rail traffic, industrial noise sources, construction activities, and many other ground-based noise sources. It does not apply to sound from aircraft in flight, or to blast waves from mining, military, or similar operations.
To apply the method of this document, several parameters need to be known with respect to the geometry of the source and of the environment, the ground surface characteristics, and the source strength in terms of octave band sound power levels for directions relevant to the propagation.
If only A‑weighted sound power levels of the sources are known, the attenuation terms for 500 Hz may be used to estimate the resulting attenuation.

This document establishes a classification of surface insulations for electrical steel sheet, strip and laminations according to their general composition, relative insulating ability and function.
These surface insulations are either oxide layers or applied coatings.
The purpose of this classification is to create a nomenclature for the various types of surface insulations and to assist users of surface insulations by providing general information about the chemical nature and use of the surface insulations.
It is not the intent of this classification to specify insulation requirements in terms of specific values of surface insulation resistance. Such requirements are to be agreed between the purchaser and the steel producer, where applicable.
The classification is to be used in conjunction with the various specifications for cold rolled electrical steels (see Clause 2).

This document specifies test methods for the determination of the plastics compatibility of packaging/intermediate bulk containers (IBC) made from polyethylene, fluorinated polyethylene and coextruded plastics.
It covers the determination of adequate plastics compatibility against the processes of deterioration:
-        softening due to absorption (swelling);
-        stress cracking; and
-        combinations thereof.
It applies to:
-        drums and containers made from plastics according to paragraph 6.1.4.8 of the UN recommendations 1);
-        composite packaging (plastics) with inner receptacle made from plastics according to paragraph 6.1.4.19 of the UN recommendations;
-        rigid plastics IBCs (types 31H1 and 31H2) according to 6.5.5.3 of the UN recommendations; and
-        composite IBCs with rigid plastics inner receptacles (type 31HZ1) according to 6.5.5.4 of the UN recommendations;
whose design is approved by a competent authority for the transport of liquid dangerous goods.
This proof of adequate plastics compatibility is only applicable to the above packaging and IBC types of the following materials and material specifications:
-        packaging and IBCs made from polyethylene (PE);
-        packaging and IBCs made from polyethylene (PE), whose internal surfaces are fluorinated; and
-        packaging and IBCs which are coextrusion blow moulded and have walls with the following multilayer structure (from inside to outside):
-        polyamide (PA)//bonding agents//polyethylene (PE); or
-        ethyl vinyl alcohol (EVOH)//bonding agents//polyethylene (PE).
1) UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods – Model Regulations

This document provides a process that manages the identification of the level of compatibility of plastic packaging features with collection, sorting and recycling, describing the level of compatibility as fully, limited, and not recyclable.
This standard covers any plastic packaging where the main body is made of plastic material. It targets to harmonize the design for recycling standard approach for each resin.

This document provides requirements for the evaluation process for PET Bottles with
respect to compatibility of the design with recycling processes.
Packaging components and ancillary elements made of other materials than PET are also covered by this document as they need to be evaluated for compatibility with the recycling processes.

This document covers the design of PET pots and trays with respect to compatibility of the design with recycling processes.
Packaging constituents and packaging components made of other materials than PET are also covered by this document as they need to be evaluated on compatibility with polymer recycling.

This document covers the design of PE and PP rigid with respect to compatibility of the design with recycling processes.
Packaging constituents and packaging components made of other materials than PE and PP are also covered by this document as they need to be evaluated on compatibility with polymer recycling.

This document covers the design of PE and PP flexible packaging with respect to compatibility of the design with recycling processes available for PE and PP packaging.
Packaging constituents and components used in/on PE and PP flexible packaging but made of materials other than PE and PP are also covered by this document as these need to be evaluated for compatibility with PE and PP mechanical recycling processes.

This document covers recyclability evaluation process guidance for PS and XPS packaging with respect to compatibility of the design with recycling processes for the polymers used.

This document covers the design of EPS packaging with respect to compatibility of the design with recycling processes.
Packaging constituents and packaging components made of other materials than EPS are also covered by this document as they need to be evaluated on compatibility with polymer recycling.

This document is an input for a standard on the recyclability evaluation process of plastic packaging with respect to compatibility of the design with the collecting and sorting processes for the plastic used.
This document covers any household plastic packaging where the main body is made of PET, PE, PP or PS material.

This document covers the design of PET bottles with respect to compatibility of the design with the collecting, sorting, and recycling processes.
Packaging constituents and packaging components made of other materials than PET are also covered by this standard as they need to be evaluated on compatibility with polymer recycling.

This document covers the design of PET rigid packaging (except bottles) with respect to compatibility of the design with the collecting, sorting, and recycling processes.
Packaging constituents and packaging components made of other materials than PET are also covered by this standard as they need to be evaluated on compatibility with polymer recycling.

This document covers the design of PE and PP rigid packaging with respect to compatibility of the design with the collecting, sorting, and recycling processes.
Packaging constituents and packaging components made of other materials than PE and PP are also covered by this standard as they need to be evaluated on compatibility with polymer recycling.

This document covers the design of PE and PP flexible packaging with respect to compatibility of the design with the collecting, sorting, and recycling processes.
Packaging constituents and packaging components made of other materials than PE and PP are also covered by this document as they need to be evaluated on compatibility with polymer recycling.

This document covers the design of PS and XPS rigid packaging with respect to compatibility of the design with the collecting, sorting, and recycling processes.
Packaging constituents and packaging components made of other materials than PS are also covered by this document as they need to be evaluated on compatibility with polymer recycling.

This document covers the design of EPS rigid packaging with respect to compatibility of the design with the collecting, sorting, and recycling processes.
Packaging constituents and packaging components made of other materials than PS are also covered by this document as they need to be evaluated on compatibility with polymer recycling.