Pregled nacrta

EN 1999-1-1 gives basic design rules for structures made of wrought aluminium alloys and limited guidance for cast alloys (see Clause 5 and Annex C).
This document does not cover the following, unless otherwise explicitly stated in this document:
-              members with material thickness less than 0,6 mm;
-              welded members with material thickness less than 1,5 mm;
-              connections with:
-              steel bolts and pins with diameter less than 5 mm;
-              aluminium bolts and pins with diameter less than 8 mm;
-              rivets and thread forming screws with diameter less than 3,9 mm.

1.1 Scope of EN 1999-1-3
(1) This document gives the basis for the design of aluminium alloy structures subject to fatigue in the ultimate limit state.
(2) This document gives rules for:
- safe life design;
- damage tolerant design;
- design assisted by testing.
(3) This document does not cover pressurized containment vessels or pipework.
1.2 Assumptions
(1) The general assumptions of EN 1990 apply.
(2) The provisions of EN 1999-1-1 apply.
(3) EN 1999-1-3 is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts), relevant parts in EN 1992 to EN 1999, EN 1090-1 and EN 1090-3 for requirements for execution, and ENs, EADs and ETAs for construction products relevant to aluminium structures.

ISO 445:2013 defines terms relating to pallets for unit load methods of materials handling.
It also includes informative annexes listing terms relating to unit load handling and slipsheets.

This document:
—     provides the general part of the method to calculate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions throughout the liquefied natural gas (LNG) chain, a means to determine their carbon footprint;
—     defines preferred units of measurement and necessary conversions;
—     recommends instrumentation and estimation methods to monitor and report GHG emissions. Some emissions are measured; and some are estimated.
This document covers all facilities in the LNG chain. The facilities are considered “under operation”, including emissions associated with initial start-up, maintenance, turnaround and restarts after maintenance or upset. The construction, commissioning, extension and decommissioning phases are excluded from this document but can be assessed separately.
This document covers all GHG emissions. These emissions spread across scope 1, scope 2 and scope 3 of the responsible organization. Scope 1, 2 and 3 are defined in this document. All emissions sources are covered including flaring, combustion, cold vents, process vents, fugitive leaks and emissions associated with imported energy.
This document describes the allocation of GHG emissions to LNG and other hydrocarbon products where other products are produced (e.g. LPG, domestic gas, condensates, sulfur).
This document does not cover specific requirements on natural gas production and transport to LNG plant, liquefaction, shipping and regasification.
This document is applicable to the LNG industry.

This document provides a method to calculate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during natural gas production (onshore or offshore), gas processing and gas transport to liquefied natural gas (LNG) liquefaction plant.
NOTE          It can be applied to other gases as biogas or non-traditional types of natural gas.
This document covers all facilities associated with producing natural gas, including:
—     drilling (exploration, appraisal, and development) and production wells;
—     gas gathering network and boosting stations (if any);
—     gas processing facilities (if any), transport gas pipelines with compression stations (if any) up to inlet valve of LNG liquefaction plant.
This document covers facilities associated with producing other products (such as, but not limited to, domestic gas, condensate, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), sulphur, power export) to the extent required to allocate GHG emissions to each product.
This document covers the upstream facilities “under operation”, including emissions associated with commissioning, initial start-up and restarts after maintenance or upset. This document does not cover the exploration, construction and decommissioning phases or the losses from vegetation coverage.
This document covers all GHG emissions associated with production, process and transport of natural gas to the LNG liquefaction plant. These emissions spread across scope 1, scope 2 and scope 3 of the responsible organization, as defined in ISO 6338-1. All emissions sources are covered including flaring, combustion, cold vents, process vents, fugitive leaks and emissions associated with imported energy. Gases covered include CO2, CH4, N2O and fluorinated gases.
This document does not cover compensation.
This document defines preferred units of measurement and necessary conversions.
This document also recommends instrumentation and estimations methods to monitor and report GHG emissions. Some emissions are measured; and some are estimated.

This document specifies methods of sampling bituminous binders, to determine the average quality of the material under examination or to determine deviations from average quality.

This document specifies a method for the identification of the type of elastomers in granulates or powder derived from End-of-Life Tyres (ELT).
The method specified is a qualitative method only.

This document specifies methods for determining fracture toughness in terms of K, δ, J and R-curves for homogeneous metallic materials subjected to quasistatic loading. Specimens are notched, precracked by fatigue and tested under slowly increasing displacement. The fracture toughness is determined for individual specimens at or after the onset of ductile crack extension or at the onset of ductile crack instability or unstable crack extension. In cases where cracks grow in a stable manner under ductile tearing conditions, a resistance curve describing fracture toughness as a function of crack extension is measured. In some cases in the testing of ferritic materials, unstable crack extension can occur by cleavage or ductile crack initiation and growth, interrupted by cleavage extension. The fracture toughness at crack arrest is not covered by this document. Special testing requirements and analysis procedures are necessary when testing weldments, and these are described in ISO 15653 which is complementary to this document.
Statistical variability of the results strongly depends on the fracture type, for instance, fracture toughness associated with cleavage fracture in ferritic steels can show large variation. For applications that require high reliability, a statistical approach can be used to quantify the variability in fracture toughness in the ductile-to-brittle transition region, such as that given in ASTM E1921. However, it is not the purpose of this document to specify the number of tests to be carried out nor how the results of the tests are to be applied or interpreted.

The standard shall cover finished products made of carbon steel, steel alloy and cast steel intended to be used as structural elements in construction works, including its use in installations.
Products may be coated, or uncoated.
Products may be weldable, or non-weldable.
Products made of stainless steel are excluded from this product definition.
The standard shall cover: Product group on sections and profiles, product group on plates, sheets, strip and wide flats, product group on bars, rods and wire, product group on hollows and product group on piles and sheet piles.

The standard shall cover finished products made of carbon steel, steel alloy and cast steel intended to be used as structural elements in construction works, including its use in installations.
Products may be coated, or uncoated.
Products may be weldable, or non-weldable.
Products made of stainless steel are excluded from this product definition.
The standard shall cover: Product group on sections and profiles, product group on plates, sheets, strip and wide flats, product group on bars, rods and wire, product group on hollows and product group on piles and sheet piles.

This document specifies requirements and test methods for the fire safety of candles intended to be burned indoors.

This document gives the safety requirements and measures for horizontal beam panel circular sawing machines with the saw carriage of the front cutting line mounted below the workpiece support, which are manually and/or powered loaded and manually unloaded, capable of continuous production use, as defined in 3.1 and hereinafter referred to as “machines”.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have been taken into account.
It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:
—    side pressure device;
—    device for powered unloading;
—    unit for scoring;
—    unit for post-formed/soft-formed edge pre-cutting;
—    panel turning device;
—    front side turn table;
—    pushing out device;
—    pneumatic clamping of the saw blade;
—    powered panel loading device;
—    device for grooving by milling tool;
—    one or more additional cutting lines inside the machine for longitudinal and/or head cut (before the transversal cutting line);
—    workpiece vacuum clamping as part of a front side turn table or of a panel loading device;
—    panel pusher;
—    independent panel pushers;
—    additional panel pushers mounted on the panel pusher carriage;
—    additional panel pusher with integrated label printer device;
—    lifting platform;
—    device for automatic loading of thin panels;
—    device for base board unloading by gravity;
—    device for base board powered unloading;
—    device for panel unloading in limited space condition;
—    loading or pre-loading roller conveyors;
—    pressure beam with additional flaps to increase dust extraction efficiency;
—    saw blade cooling system by air or water-air or oil-air;
—    vibrating conveyor with/without trimming unit for offcuts management;
—    predisposition for top loading/unloading by an external system directly on the machine table and/or on the machine preloading roller conveyor and/or on the machine lifting table.
NOTE      base board is a support panel underlying the panel stack, to protect the panels from damages during transportation.
The machines are designed for cutting panels consisting of:
a) solid wood;
b) material with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO19085‑1:2021, 2);
c) gypsum boards, gypsum bounded fibreboards;
d) composite materials, with core consisting of e.g. polyurethane or mineral material, laminated with light alloy;
e) cardboard;
f) foam board;
g) matrix engineered mineral boards, silicate boards;
h) polymer‐matrix composite materials and reinforced thermoplastic/thermoset/elastomeric materials;
i) aluminium light alloy plates with a maximum thickness of 10 mm;
j) composite boards made from the materials listed above.
This document does not deal with hazards related to:
—    specific features different from those listed above;
—    the machining of panels with milling tools for grooving;
—    powered unloading of panels;
—    rear half of split pressure beam on the front cutting line;
—    the combination of a single machine being used with any other machine (as part of a line).
It is not applicable to:
—    machines intended for use in potentiall

This document describes technical measures to be carried out at crossings and parallelisms of buried
metal pipelines influenced by HVDC systems.
It provides guidance on how the design, construction, operation, maintenance, and decommissioning
phases of HVDC systems affect buried metal pipelines.
Electrical interference conditions (AC and DC) to pipeline systems are described, and acceptable levels
of interference are discussed.
Minimum separation distances are recommended.
The following aspects are not covered in this document:
-Contractual responsibilities
-Personnel safety